God’s World Essay

The â€Å"Zaabalawi† was composed by Naguib Mahfouz (1911-2006) and distributed on 1963 in the assortment of stories, God’s World (Dunya Allah). The focal character is burdened with an ailment that no specialists or some other person can fix. Written in the principal individual, the storyteller remembered during his youth a folktale saying that there is an uncommon individual named â€Å"Zaabalawi† who can fix any sicknesses and maladies. This individual has recuperating forces of such greatness that burden, for example, what the storyteller has will without a doubt be mended. The hero began to apathetically search for Zaabalawi, visiting and meeting differing characters during his mission. He met an attorney, a book retailer, an administration official, a calligrapher, an artist and a lush †these people have some way or another met or known Zaabalawi. The principal individual that the storyteller met was Sheik Quamar, who is an unmistakable legal advisor in Cairo, Egypt. Quamar offered little assistance with the journey since it appears to be quite a while prior since he last had contact with Zaabalawi. In this occasion, it appears that the creator Mahfouz is implying that this individual has overlooked Zaabalawi (his otherworldliness) because of his materialistic needs and accomplishments throughout everyday life. This sort of individual can be discovered everywhere throughout the world; the individual who places material things and common wants essential in his life. Government officials might be accidentally moved by this portrayal. The second individual that the storyteller met was the District Officer. The official educated the storyteller that he hasn’t seen Zaabalawi for so long now for being so occupied with his horde capacities and being engrossed with worldy cares. He felt bliss before during his energetic days when he was Zaabalawi but then has gradually overlooked those days as he turned out to be increasingly entangled with what the world and the administration duties offer him. He drew the storyteller a guide with an expense so he will be guided as he continued looking for Zaabalawi. He at that point guided the storyteller inside the calligrapher’s house, Hassanein. This individual represented those of us who had just experienced bliss in carrying on with a substantially more easier life. Be that as it may, this was distinctly from a short period in his life for the time being, he had encountered what it feels like to have power and to be depended upon by a large number of individuals. Force, for sure, is potent and can demolish one’s self. Hassanein is dedicated to Zaabalawi’s memory. His conduct and style of living mirrors his otherworldliness and subjugation toward Allah. He said that in everything that he does, he felt the nearness of Zaabalawi. He supported the storyteller with his colloquialisms that he accepted that the storyteller will be recuperated by Zaabalawi. Hassanein additionally portrayed Zaabalawi’s nature as slippery with the end goal that he might be in the region any second or probably won't show up in a person’s lifetime. Hassanein represents the reliable supporters of God. He has decided to live in a more straightforward term and welcome individuals in varying backgrounds without partiality and predisposition. He has confidence in God and is appeared through his works. The storyteller is then coordinated towards the place of an acclaimed performer, Sheik Gad, who looks peaceful and is a thoughtful man. He told the storyteller that the anguish and agonies that he is encountering now is a fundamental element for him to at long last fortify his confidence, and not just his body and psyche. Stray accepts that the gathering that occurred among him and the storyteller is truth be told, Zaabalawi’s work (God’s exertion). Zaabalawi is a motivation and an inspiration for the artist. Later on, the storyteller wound up drinking wine at the Negma bar with Hagg wanas, an alcoholic who was additionally familiar with Zaabalawi. As he kept drinking, his psychological and sane resources were mysteriously stripped away individually. With the principal drink, the storyteller â€Å"ignited his stomach†. The subsequent beverage, â€Å"loses his willpower†. The third, â€Å"loses his memory†, the fourth, â€Å"loses feeling of future (time and heading), and at the fifth beverage, the world spun, the storyteller overlooked his journey and rather observes â€Å"colored planes† and wound up in an euphoric stage.

Purpose of a Literature Review Essay Example for Free

Motivation behind a Literature Review Essay Motivation behind a Literature Review to recognize what has just been done/found, corresponding to the exploration point that is being contemplated and responds to the topic of what necessities to occur straightaway. give a concise review of research youve read. Exhibit that you comprehend the subject and include huge information inside the field of study and afterward present a defense. Presenting a defense might be an examination of research, study, or applied contention. Additionally, make certain to incorporate a powerful contention. Toward the finish of a writing audit you ought to distinguish a hole or error inside the data (recognize and investigate the hole). My way to deal with composing this writing survey was to some degree like the composition of a normal paper. Ive utilized this methodology in past assignments Ive finished including, for example, a story and a commented on list of sources. They all have comparative attributes. Thank heavens for this! It gives me a thought of where to begin. I accept these normal attributes are the fundamental subject of the bit of composing and proof/textuality of your point from different readings. Textuality is utilizing bits of composing from different attempts to help your points. Beware, however these expositions may fill in as a guide, they likewise have numerous distinctions. What would it be advisable for you to do straightaway? *Ponders* Information! Data! Data! Be ingenious, bolster your cases, legitimize your answers. It is significant that you do this in the right way. My most noteworthy counsel is approach your teacher for a friend audit guide and use it as you compose. This will guarantee that your composing is clear, sorted out, streaming, and elegantly composed. On the off chance that you feel just as you can't do this for yourself, Id propose having another person perused your writing survey resoundingly. Dailyns basic strides to composing a writing survey; these are my own thoughts so I have no verification on the off chance that they really worked until I recieve criticism. Im trusting I arranged this one. How would you approach writing audits? Good karma, and until next time. Fare thee well. Writing Reviews What this present is about This gift will clarify what a writing audit is and offer bits of knowledge into the structure and development of a writing survey in the humanities, sociologies, and sciences. Acquaintance OK. Youve got with compose a writing survey. You dust off a novel and a book of verse, settle down in your seat, and prepare to give an approval or disapproval as you leaf through the pages. Writing audit done. Isn't that so? Wrong! The writing of a writing audit alludes to any assortment of materials on a point, not really the extraordinary abstract writings of the world. Writing could be anything from a lot of government leaflets on British frontier strategies in Africa to academic articles on the treatment of a torn ACL. What's more, a survey doesn't really imply that your peruser needs you to offer your own input on whether you enjoyed these sources. What is a writing survey, at that point? A writing survey talks about distributed data in a specific branch of knowledge, and now and again data in a specific branch of knowledge inside a specific timeframe. A writing survey can be only a straightforward outline of the sources, yet it generally has a hierarchical example and joins both synopsis and amalgamation. An outline is a recap of the significant data of the source, however a union is a re-association, or a reshuffling, of that data. It may give another translation of old material or join new with old understandings. Or then again it may follow the scholarly movement of the field, including significant discussions. Also, contingent upon the circumstance, the writing audit may assess the sources and exhort the peruser on the most appropriate or important. Be that as it may, how is a writing audit not the same as a scholarly research paper? The primary focal point of a scholastic research paper is to build up another contention, and an exploration paper will contain a writing survey as one of its parts. In an examination paper, you utilize the writing as an establishment and as help for another knowledge that you contribute. The focal point of a writing survey, notwithstanding, is to sum up and blend the contentions and thoughts of others without including new commitments. For what reason do we compose writing audits? Writing surveys give you a convenient manual for a specific point. In the event that you have restricted time to direct research, writing surveys can give you an outline or go about as a venturing stone. For experts, they are valuable reports that stay up with the latest with what is present in the field. For researchers, the profundity and broadness of the writing audit underlines the believability of the author in their field. Writing surveys additionally give a strong foundation to an examination papers examination. Extensive information on the writing of the field is basic to most research papers. Who composes these things, at any rate? Writing surveys are composed infrequently in the humanities, however generally in technical studies and sociologies; in examination and lab reports, they establish a segment of the paper. In some cases a writing survey is composed as a paper in itself.

How is violence presented in Lord of the Flies? Essay

Parallel resistances: Civilisation versus viciousness (breakdowns). Zoomorphism Binary resistances: Dictatorship versus majority rule government (juxtapositions) Deaths of Simon and Piggy †carnal, savage reciting, rough conduct when they let their enticements show signs of improvement of them. Simon and the brute? End †end of the novel William Golding investigates the subject of brutality all through his novel ‘Lord of the Flies’. He accepted that each individual can possibly draw out their internal malice, and that each person is imperfect in their inclination. Thus, he composed a novel with a plan to utilize characterisation of mankind’s fundamental affliction, after his time spent in war. He additionally meant to challenge Ballantyne’s ‘Coral Island’. ‘Lord of the Flies’ presents the vulnerable and brutal breakdown †alongside devolution, of civilisation on the island by utilizing definitive imagery, figurative symbolism and scriptural references to strengthen this loss of mankind in this degenerate system. In the composition of the novel, we are acclimated with the setting of the island †which starts as a perfect world for the young men, with â€Å"the sparkling water†. This has paradisiacal meanings, demonstrating the island to be an undeniable spot of excellence, alongside the â€Å"lagoon† and â€Å"young palm trees†, which again is an unspoiled trademark for a position of delight. In any case, this diverges from the dim characteristics of the island likewise being portrayed †which begin getting noticeable and sets the topic of viciousness in Golding’s epic. The plane accident on the island is portrayed as a â€Å"scar†, inferring that the imprint left has for all time harmed the island, which was once immaculate and perfect. The utilization of this scary and overwhelming word ‘scar’ shows the ruin and harm of the circumstance wherein the plane has originated from, in this way depicting fierce highlights. Moreover, this uncovers the foundation data to the plot †the young men are evacuees from the war who have landedâ on this island because of a plane accident; which hints brutality as of now. Another case of savagery on the island is communicated through Golding’s portrayal of highlights by and large connected with islands †â€Å"skull-like† and â€Å"decaying† coconuts. These modifiers have severe undertones. Besides, the â€Å"witch-like cry† represents shrewdness, and this makes connections with the past idealistic impression of the island, which indications to the perusers that this island may not so much be as mysterious as esteemed. Another way the topic of viciousness is introduced over the novel, is through the twofold resistances †basically the subject of civilisation versus brutality. The built up division between the two gatherings of young men each speak to a specific perspective to society. The characters (prevalently) Ralph, Piggy and Simon speak to civilisation with the utilization of the conch to show request and control during the sorted out and contained gatherings. Then again, there is Jack who drives his trackers (or his â€Å"tribe†), speaking to brutality. From the outset they cooperate, however differences without further ado lead to dehumanization of their connections †following movement from a â€Å"shy liking† among Jack and Ralph, to Jack attempting to slaughter ralph towards the novel’s goals. The principal pinnacle of this resistance is available during the verifiable enticement of appetite, when Ralph and Piggy join the trackers as their edginess for nourish ment dominates. The allegorical symbolism set by Golding of Simon’s demise shows the tallness of this savagery and how the young men let the shrewdness within them win. Simon’s metaphorical job or capacity in the novel incorporates scriptural implications. â€Å"†¦and was secured with a layer of pearls†¦Ã¢â‚¬  these celestial implications underscore the brutality present, as they appear differently in relation to the other-worldly and Christ-like nature of Simon, whom the savages pitilessly killed. Following this episode, the conch is broken and when Piggy’s glasses are broken (alongside the passing of the fire that recently happened), it portends the all out annihilation of any conceivable civilisation regularly returning back to the island, demonstrating the death yet need of law, request and reason in the public eye). From this point forward, Ralph is disregarded to confront the savages. This all underlines Golding’s thoughts that people have malice and contempt somewhere within them, and could let the repressed monster totally and fiercely dominate in the event that they be accommodating to even a touch of enticement. The other parallel resistance likewise winning in this novel isâ dictatorship versus popular government. This juxtaposition is likewise used to depict viciousness over the novel. For instance, â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.† Here, we can see the improvement of the conduct of the, as turning increasingly more vicious when they dismiss the conch, and the feeling of majority rule government is separated or lost. Savagery is introduced in the novel through the different passings of both Piggy and Simon. Preceding Simon’s murder, the young men had been reciting â€Å"Kill the brute! Cut his throat! Spill his blood!† in â€Å"complementary circles†. These are amazing expressions which Golding infests utilizing the standard of three, to feature the violence of this vicious, ancestral practice. The activities of these little fellows are additionally abominable and stunning. â€Å"At once, the group flooded after it, poured down the stone, jumped on to the mammoth, shout, struck, piece and tore. There were no words, and no developments however the tearing of teeth and claws.† These carnal action words have implications of zoomorphism; resounding people with the resemblance and conduct of creatures. This is likewise critical as people are intended to be smart †with the limit with respect to better than average correspondence through language and words. Notwithstanding, here, the young men are so overwhelmed and expended in their savage activities of fierceness, that they have put some distance between their ‘human’ sides, incapable to separate among great and terrible, that they have lost that capacity to talk, and rather are falling back on un-enlightened, primitive methods. â€Å"Teeth and claws† are generally connected with huge predators, thus by utilizing this, Golding is giving us that once you offer aside to a little savagery, you can transform into a total ‘animal’. The action word â€Å"tearing† exhibiting tearing human is stunning and furthermore depicts eagerness. This brutality is additionally underlined through Golding’s radiant portrayal, post-passing of the hero. â€Å"†¦was secured with a layer of pearls†¦Ã¢â‚¬  shows the immaculateness reflected upon Simon, just as â€Å"the line of his cheek silvered†, which has Christ-like ramifications. The expres sion â€Å"silver shape† depicts a highminded sheen and quality in Simon, as his â€Å"dead body moved out towards the open sea†, when he at long last discovers harmony. This is likewise appeared differently in relation to Piggy’s matter-of-truth, and logical demise. â€Å"Piggy’s arms and legs jerked, similar to a pig’s after it has been killed†. The lexical field utilized is grim and terrible, therefore again depicting the savagery, long with the utilization of sub-vocals, â€Å"zup†,â noise, and racket used to supplant language, being utilized by the young men to communicate and interface with one another. Piggy’s passing had been indicated from the very beginning of the novel, through little episodes of viciousness happening. For instance, it advanced from Roger toward the start tossing stones at the little ones, pointing â€Å"to miss†, to him rolling the rock that murdered Piggy. Brutality had additionally been available when Ralph â€Å"machine-gunned Piggy†. Besides, jack’s savage activities of executing the pig toward the beginning additionally anticipates piggy’s demise, as it prompted him being murdered at long last. Towards the novel’s end, we are taken back to the real world and reminded that these ‘savages’, are in truth only a â€Å"group of painted boys†. This is another way that savagery is introduced in the novel; since we are indicated that all these awful activities in the novel, were in actuality just performed by close to nothing, when guiltless youngsters. In reality, the viciousness had been exhausting to such an extent, that is had caused dehumanization of qualities and characters. For instance, toward the beginning Percival â€Å"recited† his name, though when help showed up, â€Å"there was no more to come. Percival Wemys Madison looked for in his mind for a mantra that had blurred clean away†. This breaking down of discourse, and the reality Percival as overlooked how to talk underlines the annihilation brought about by the brutality. The closure has a deus-ex-machina factor to it †directly at the pinnacle of the savagery, salvage had come. The official asks the young men â€Å"what have you been doing? Having a war or something?† which is amusing on the grounds that they were really having a â€Å"war†. This could likewise be viewed as a microcosm for the Cold war that had been happening, during the time Golding composed this novel.

Summon the Rain Article Critique - 275 Words

Summon the Rain (Article Critique Sample) Content: Summon the RainStudent Name:Institution:Executive SummaryThe paper summarizes the present state of knowledge in the area of convective cloud seeding. Summer programs specifically in the United States are mostly confined to the Great Plains while winter seeding programs are conducted primarily in the mountains of the western United States. Depending on the evaluations from several operational and research programs, convective cloud seeding has shown the ability to promote additional rainfall and reduce damage from hail. Regarding any technology, there are limitations: cloud seeding is not advocated as a drought.Table of contentsTOC \o "1-2" \h \z \u Executive Summary PAGEREF _Toc397415435 \h 2Table of contents PAGEREF _Toc397415436 \h 31.0 Introduction PAGEREF _Toc397415437 \h 42.0 Main statement PAGEREF _Toc397415438 \h 42.1 Baumà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s main conclusions on cloud seeding PAGEREF _Toc397415439 \h 43.0 Main argument PAGEREF _Toc397415440 \h 53.1 Arguments PAGEREF _T oc397415441 \h 53.1.1 Inductive reasoning PAGEREF _Toc397415442 \h 53.1.2 Deductive logic PAGEREF _Toc397415443 \h 64.0 Authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Epistemological paradigm PAGEREF _Toc397415444 \h 75.0 Acceptability, sufficiency and relevance of the article PAGEREF _Toc397415445 \h 76.0 Fallacy arguments PAGEREF _Toc397415446 \h 87.0 Ethical issues PAGEREF _Toc397415447 \h 98.0 Response to articleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s editor PAGEREF _Toc397415448 \h 109.0 Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc397415449 \h 11References PAGEREF _Toc397415450 \h 121.0 IntroductionThe author of the article elaborates how the clouds are formed and how they form the rain. When tiny droplets of super cooled water strike with dust particles, they in turn form the ice pellets that melt along the way and fall to the ground as rain. According to Baum, there are several scientific methods of making the rain but the widely practiced method includes the injection of the clouds with silver iodide à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"seedsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ particles in whic h ice particle can form thus falling as rain.2.0 Main statementScientists from different countries have been conductive experimental trials, analyzing statistics, and further searching to come up with specific methods and ideas that will lead to an increase and augmenting natural rainfall within dissimilar geographical regions. Despite extensive research past several years, statistical analysis of these weather and precipitation modification efforts of clouding seeding had not lead to the scientifically convincing evidence that is needed to reach pertinent and reasonably accurate conclusions about the fact effectiveness of cloud seeding efforts. This has been different with the recent advances in instrumentation technology and utilization of different statistical procedures to analyze cloud seeding information outcomes over the last several decades (Woodley Rosenfeld, 2004).2.1 Baumà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s main conclusions on cloud seedingAccording to the author, many people all over the world spend millions of dollars every time trying to control the rain and eliminate the drought. According to Baum (2014), millions of people are living in an enormous drought, with several countries undergoing some desertification levels. For instance, countries such as Australia have spent several years in a drought condition. To deal with the drought, Baum comments that few scientists are doing an experiment with zapping the atmosphere with ions to compress more moisture from it to form the rain; however, the primary method of increasing rainfall is pervading clouds with chemicals (Garstang et al., 2004). The significance of cloud seeding process attempts to increase precipitation over an area and provide some type of economic importance, for instance, as in the case of increased snow fall for ski resort or increased water availability to mainly farmers in drought regions and for irrigation of crops and plants.3.0 Main argumentBaum argues that, the principle of cloud formation is very simple. Cloud that produce rain comprise micro-size water droplets whose temperature is below the freezing point, but that have not yet converted to ice due to lack of nuclei in which to form that is the dust particles of precisely the right size (Mather et al., 1997). The water droplets are light such that they cannot counter the updrafts keeping them aloft. Bernard Vonnegut, who is an atmospheric scientist at the general electric research laboratory in Schenectady, invented this technique in 1946. Vonnegut used silver iodide chemicals whose molecular structure mimics that of ice crystals to seed the clouds. Silver iodide works in theory and in practice as the pilotsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ comments that they see clouds change as the chemical hits them. However, the question mostly asked is; would the cloud, which is seeded, have rained? According to Baumà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s answer, there is no a procedure to run a perfect controlled method (Stith et al. 1986).3.1 Arguments3.1.1 Inductive reasoningThe cloud seeding technology lies on the principle of introducing artificial frost nuclei to the already-existing natural frost nuclei within clouds. Various nations, particularly those in arid and semi-arid areas, utilize this technology to attempt to raise the chances of rainfall (Reinking, 1996). Scientists from several countries such as Russia, China, U.S, Australia, Syria, Morocco, and other countries have demonstrated several experiments that artificial cloud seeding can increase the rain volume by about 5-20% over large regions and relatively for long durations (Shaefer, 1946).Roelof Bruintjes, a researcher from the National Center for Atmospheric Research, presented an argument in that there is hope of building support for a research project to further investigate the importance and effectiveness of cloud seeding. He contended that new radar and satellite technologies and new airborne structures could be available to quantify the impacts of cloud seeding techniques (Hsie and Or ville, 1980).3.1.2 Deductive logicAccording to scientists believe, it was a combination of controversy and uncertain outcomes that led the federal government to pull out of the weather à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ modification research in the 1980s. Bill Woodley, meteorologist, recalled running a promising cloud seeding experiment Florida that suddenly lost its funding in 1970s. Together with his colleagues, Woodley had predicted more despite increasing rainfall in their 13,000 km2 area by about 15 percent. Specifically to scientists, promising but ambiguous information is an argument for more intense investigation, not less. From that, a reasoning scientists would comment that it is clear that cloud seeding works under some circumstances, but how frequently do those circumstances occur in an area that makes economic sense, and how do you quantify it on the ground? Then to government officials, making fund decisions in a highly charged political environment, however, the conflicting information have been a reason to withdraw from an increasingly controversial enterprise. To some extent, the federal government comments that the hell with it, it is not worth it and got out of funding research altogether (Woodley and Rosenfeld, 2000).4.0 Authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Epistemological paradigmScientists have proved that there is a growing hope that modification of weather in the formation of cloud seeding could give more water for various activities such as agricultural uses. Whether in winter or summer, clouds are not perfectly at producing precipitation. In the winter, the challenge is that there are not adequate ice crystals. When droplets fall in liquid form, they evaporate. The suggestion is to raise the number of ice-forming particles (Wise, 2005). The method of cloud seeding has the effects of intensifying precipitation effectiveness of a cloud system by making water condense and then fall as raindrops to the ground.5.0 Acceptability, sufficiency and relevance of the articleCloud seedi ng has provided relief to the areas in which they experience drought. The raindrops formation facilitated through cloud seeding is essential to places that suffer from water scarcity. Apart from that benefit, most countries that are experiencing a severe drought use the process of cloud seeding to produce raindrop. The method has solved the water scarcity disaster. Cloud seeding is increasingly used for both water supply enhancement and weather damage reduction. In the western region, cloud seeding is done with the aim of increasing the overall precipitation into a watershed (Silverman Sukarnjanaset, 2000). Elsewhere, specifically the high plain of the U.S and Canada, the method is used for suppression of the hail to reduce vandalism to crops and urban areas. Enthralling evidence suggests that seeding super cooled orographic clouds, those formed by airlifting covering mountains, can increase precipitation on the ground and cause critical increases in the snowpack (Axisa, 2004).The method is effectively used to suppress some undesirable forms of precipitation such as hail that causes destruction to urban and to crops. This can alter storm clouds that otherwise would produce hail and some other forms of frozen precipitation. The compounds applied in cloud seeding produce few adverse effects to the environment. Silver iodide, which is the most common used compound has a structure very similar to ice and has no known harmful impacts to the environment and its surroundings (Detwiler, Langerud, DePue, 2005). To many people, cloud seeding is a divine gift. To intelligent people, the right to water is fundamental yet it is taken by a handful of extremely selfish industrialists. In almost all nations, such people who seek to achieve the maximum profits at any cost within the shortest possible time, and are causing high environmental p... Summon the Rain Article Critique - 275 Words Summon the Rain (Article Critique Sample) Content: Summon the RainStudent Name:Institution:Executive SummaryThe paper summarizes the present state of knowledge in the area of convective cloud seeding. Summer programs specifically in the United States are mostly confined to the Great Plains while winter seeding programs are conducted primarily in the mountains of the western United States. Depending on the evaluations from several operational and research programs, convective cloud seeding has shown the ability to promote additional rainfall and reduce damage from hail. Regarding any technology, there are limitations: cloud seeding is not advocated as a drought.Table of contentsTOC \o "1-2" \h \z \u Executive Summary PAGEREF _Toc397415435 \h 2Table of contents PAGEREF _Toc397415436 \h 31.0 Introduction PAGEREF _Toc397415437 \h 42.0 Main statement PAGEREF _Toc397415438 \h 42.1 Baumà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s main conclusions on cloud seeding PAGEREF _Toc397415439 \h 43.0 Main argument PAGEREF _Toc397415440 \h 53.1 Arguments PAGEREF _T oc397415441 \h 53.1.1 Inductive reasoning PAGEREF _Toc397415442 \h 53.1.2 Deductive logic PAGEREF _Toc397415443 \h 64.0 Authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Epistemological paradigm PAGEREF _Toc397415444 \h 75.0 Acceptability, sufficiency and relevance of the article PAGEREF _Toc397415445 \h 76.0 Fallacy arguments PAGEREF _Toc397415446 \h 87.0 Ethical issues PAGEREF _Toc397415447 \h 98.0 Response to articleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s editor PAGEREF _Toc397415448 \h 109.0 Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc397415449 \h 11References PAGEREF _Toc397415450 \h 121.0 IntroductionThe author of the article elaborates how the clouds are formed and how they form the rain. When tiny droplets of super cooled water strike with dust particles, they in turn form the ice pellets that melt along the way and fall to the ground as rain. According to Baum, there are several scientific methods of making the rain but the widely practiced method includes the injection of the clouds with silver iodide à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"seedsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ particles in whic h ice particle can form thus falling as rain.2.0 Main statementScientists from different countries have been conductive experimental trials, analyzing statistics, and further searching to come up with specific methods and ideas that will lead to an increase and augmenting natural rainfall within dissimilar geographical regions. Despite extensive research past several years, statistical analysis of these weather and precipitation modification efforts of clouding seeding had not lead to the scientifically convincing evidence that is needed to reach pertinent and reasonably accurate conclusions about the fact effectiveness of cloud seeding efforts. This has been different with the recent advances in instrumentation technology and utilization of different statistical procedures to analyze cloud seeding information outcomes over the last several decades (Woodley Rosenfeld, 2004).2.1 Baumà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s main conclusions on cloud seedingAccording to the author, many people all over the world spend millions of dollars every time trying to control the rain and eliminate the drought. According to Baum (2014), millions of people are living in an enormous drought, with several countries undergoing some desertification levels. For instance, countries such as Australia have spent several years in a drought condition. To deal with the drought, Baum comments that few scientists are doing an experiment with zapping the atmosphere with ions to compress more moisture from it to form the rain; however, the primary method of increasing rainfall is pervading clouds with chemicals (Garstang et al., 2004). The significance of cloud seeding process attempts to increase precipitation over an area and provide some type of economic importance, for instance, as in the case of increased snow fall for ski resort or increased water availability to mainly farmers in drought regions and for irrigation of crops and plants.3.0 Main argumentBaum argues that, the principle of cloud formation is very simple. Cloud that produce rain comprise micro-size water droplets whose temperature is below the freezing point, but that have not yet converted to ice due to lack of nuclei in which to form that is the dust particles of precisely the right size (Mather et al., 1997). The water droplets are light such that they cannot counter the updrafts keeping them aloft. Bernard Vonnegut, who is an atmospheric scientist at the general electric research laboratory in Schenectady, invented this technique in 1946. Vonnegut used silver iodide chemicals whose molecular structure mimics that of ice crystals to seed the clouds. Silver iodide works in theory and in practice as the pilotsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ comments that they see clouds change as the chemical hits them. However, the question mostly asked is; would the cloud, which is seeded, have rained? According to Baumà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s answer, there is no a procedure to run a perfect controlled method (Stith et al. 1986).3.1 Arguments3.1.1 Inductive reasoningThe cloud seeding technology lies on the principle of introducing artificial frost nuclei to the already-existing natural frost nuclei within clouds. Various nations, particularly those in arid and semi-arid areas, utilize this technology to attempt to raise the chances of rainfall (Reinking, 1996). Scientists from several countries such as Russia, China, U.S, Australia, Syria, Morocco, and other countries have demonstrated several experiments that artificial cloud seeding can increase the rain volume by about 5-20% over large regions and relatively for long durations (Shaefer, 1946).Roelof Bruintjes, a researcher from the National Center for Atmospheric Research, presented an argument in that there is hope of building support for a research project to further investigate the importance and effectiveness of cloud seeding. He contended that new radar and satellite technologies and new airborne structures could be available to quantify the impacts of cloud seeding techniques (Hsie and Or ville, 1980).3.1.2 Deductive logicAccording to scientists believe, it was a combination of controversy and uncertain outcomes that led the federal government to pull out of the weather à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ modification research in the 1980s. Bill Woodley, meteorologist, recalled running a promising cloud seeding experiment Florida that suddenly lost its funding in 1970s. Together with his colleagues, Woodley had predicted more despite increasing rainfall in their 13,000 km2 area by about 15 percent. Specifically to scientists, promising but ambiguous information is an argument for more intense investigation, not less. From that, a reasoning scientists would comment that it is clear that cloud seeding works under some circumstances, but how frequently do those circumstances occur in an area that makes economic sense, and how do you quantify it on the ground? Then to government officials, making fund decisions in a highly charged political environment, however, the conflicting information have been a reason to withdraw from an increasingly controversial enterprise. To some extent, the federal government comments that the hell with it, it is not worth it and got out of funding research altogether (Woodley and Rosenfeld, 2000).4.0 Authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Epistemological paradigmScientists have proved that there is a growing hope that modification of weather in the formation of cloud seeding could give more water for various activities such as agricultural uses. Whether in winter or summer, clouds are not perfectly at producing precipitation. In the winter, the challenge is that there are not adequate ice crystals. When droplets fall in liquid form, they evaporate. The suggestion is to raise the number of ice-forming particles (Wise, 2005). The method of cloud seeding has the effects of intensifying precipitation effectiveness of a cloud system by making water condense and then fall as raindrops to the ground.5.0 Acceptability, sufficiency and relevance of the articleCloud seedi ng has provided relief to the areas in which they experience drought. The raindrops formation facilitated through cloud seeding is essential to places that suffer from water scarcity. Apart from that benefit, most countries that are experiencing a severe drought use the process of cloud seeding to produce raindrop. The method has solved the water scarcity disaster. Cloud seeding is increasingly used for both water supply enhancement and weather damage reduction. In the western region, cloud seeding is done with the aim of increasing the overall precipitation into a watershed (Silverman Sukarnjanaset, 2000). Elsewhere, specifically the high plain of the U.S and Canada, the method is used for suppression of the hail to reduce vandalism to crops and urban areas. Enthralling evidence suggests that seeding super cooled orographic clouds, those formed by airlifting covering mountains, can increase precipitation on the ground and cause critical increases in the snowpack (Axisa, 2004).The method is effectively used to suppress some undesirable forms of precipitation such as hail that causes destruction to urban and to crops. This can alter storm clouds that otherwise would produce hail and some other forms of frozen precipitation. The compounds applied in cloud seeding produce few adverse effects to the environment. Silver iodide, which is the most common used compound has a structure very similar to ice and has no known harmful impacts to the environment and its surroundings (Detwiler, Langerud, DePue, 2005). To many people, cloud seeding is a divine gift. To intelligent people, the right to water is fundamental yet it is taken by a handful of extremely selfish industrialists. In almost all nations, such people who seek to achieve the maximum profits at any cost within the shortest possible time, and are causing high environmental p...

The News And On The Media - 954 Words

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The Battle Of The Cold War - 958 Words

Eureka! while thinking about the Cold War amidst research, it all hit me, this war draws its beginning and end from an extremely similar yet reciprocal process. The means through which the war ended were based strongly around the Power of the United States and the USSR. Only through the loss of power by either nation could the war hope to come to an end, and to that end, came my full understanding of how everything came full circle. In this paper, I will illustrate the Irony behind the birth and end of the Cold War, as well as my thoughts as to why the way it ended was necessary given the nature of the unstable times. The Soviet government in the beginning of the war had planned to stand behind the protection of the Iron Curtain in eastern Europe. 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Communicating Key Auditor’s Report - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Communicating Key Auditors Report. Answer: Introduction ASA 701 Communicating Key Audit Matters in the Independent Auditors Report was set up in line with the international auditing standard ISA 701 Communicating Key Audit Matters in the Independent Auditors Report. To bring ASA 701 in line with the Australian legislation there were certain differences which were kept in ASA 701 with international auditing standard ISA 701. These difference the captain the auditing standard, to keep the same in line with the prevailing Australian legislation. The ASA 701 has been introduced in the country with an intention to meet out the requirement of the shareholders and stakeholders of the company. The stakeholders and shareholders of the company are not only interested in knowing about the financial health of the company but also about the internal strength and future prospects of the company as well. In earlier years, the auditor of the companies lack sufficient powers that were required to highlight key audit issues to the users of the financial st atement. The ASA 701 provides these powers to the auditor along with proper guidelines which they can refer to at times of determining the key audit issues. Auditing standard has been launched by the government with an intention to provide sufficient information to the users about the company and to make them aware about the audit matters which may impact their decision making in relation to investment in the company.(AUASB, 2015) Application of ASA 701 An individual or companies who are interested in making an investment in a company interested knowingly internal health and financial viability of a company. This can help them in decision making related to investment in the company. The ASA 701 auditing standard will provide necessary information and explanation that are required by the auditor to put key audit matters in the audit report that can be useful for the uses of the financial statement. The international auditing board in the recent times has made certain changes in the auditing standards keeping in mind the consistent changes in the global economy and the Global threat. All these changes and amendments are incorporated in ASA 701. As per the guidelines provided in the new auditing standard, it provides information about all the key audit matters that required to be reported in the audit report that may draw the attention of the user of the assistant financial statement. The new auditing standard has highlighted the impor tance of judgment that needs to be used by the auditor in determining key audit matters. The new auditing standards have also highlights the importance of corporate governance and the people that are being charged with the governance. The key audit message can also be communicated to the auditor by these people as well. At times of determining the key audit matters, the auditors of the company are required to keep them self safe enough. In this scenario, they are required to keep all necessary documents in their files which may help them in future if any enquiry or any question comes in their way either being raised by the government or by any of the uses of the financial statement. The new auditing standards has also highlighted the importance of documentation that are required to be kept by the auditors in relation to the key audit matters that they have reported in the audit report.(Legislation, 2015) With the help of this information, the stakeholders and shareholders of the company can monitor the financial performance of the company based on the judgment and decisions that has been taken by the management. However it should be understood that ASA 701 is different from ASA 570. The former cannot be considered as a substitute for the latter. The ASA 570 provides information about the events that may impact the Going Concern capability of a company on the other hand the ASA 701 provide guidelines about the key audit matters, their communication and on other related matters. ABC Learning ABC learning was an Australian based company. The company was majorly engaged in providing childhood care services not only in Australia but also in other parts of the globe including Britain, United States etc. At times when company was functioning, it was among the largest childhood education care services in the world. Company in the early 2000 was listed in the Australian Stock Exchange. The market capitalization of the company rose to $2.5 billion by the year 2006. The company in the year 2008 because of certain reasons collapsed. There were a number of reasons which all together who are responsible for the downfall and collapse of the company. The auditors of the company are of the opinion that the company is required to restate its profit for the previous years reach out more comfortable position in the current year. The company was facing hugh debt issues mainly during the subprime crisis making it difficult for the company to resist. Ultimately, all these lead to the liquida tion of the company in the year 2008. In the year 2009, the company was brought by Good start Limited.(Baaqeel, 2011) As per the experts, the internal health of the company was not good. The accounting measures that have been adopted by the company during the past years were unable to reflect the correct financial position and financial health of the company. As a result of which, the stakeholders and shareholders of the company were unable to make out the actual and true position of the company. Because of the uneven and questionable accounting measures that have been adopted by the company the profits were inflated every year, making the financial statement for the new investor. As a result of the accounting measures, even the valuation of the assets of the company does not sound reasonable. As per the studies, it has been proved that the management of ABC learning was growing too fast in the early 2000. Remind guest not only in acquiring childhood education care services in Australia but also in other parts of United States and even in Britain. The first phase of the management can be determined from the fact that the company acquired more than 650 childhood care services in 4 years i.e. from 2001 to 2005.(Hultin, 2015) Further, it has been proved that the management of ABC learning was interested only in acquisitions and growing its business rather than streamlining the existing business. It was evident from the fact that more than 200 child care education services centres which were functioning in Australia where at operational losses. With the increase in the number of child Care Centres the staffing cost of the company was increasing at a faster pace. In the initial years, restarting was being done by the top management itself saving d recruitment cost of the consultancies. But later on being the top management was concerned more towards growth, they started outsourcing the job of hiring people for the child Care Centres. This has led to increase in the staffing and recruitment cost which has put additional button on the profit and loss statement of the company. Due to bad accounting measures, the revenue figures of the company work at a terrible state. The accounts of the company were so comple x that the auditors need to spend more than the expected time. Because of the shady accounts, the shares of the company were delisted from the stock exchange in the year 2008-09. The company was not able to attract any buyers. At last the company was purchased by Good Start Limited. There has been multiple instances in the accounts of the Company where it was proved that the manager of the company has entered into related party transactions which were not been taken place at arm's length price. The management of the company never agreed to these comments and stated that the transaction that has taken place with the related party are always been taken place at arm's length price. The transactions with has been taken place with an intention to provide indirect benefit to the top management of the company. Because of all these transactions, the reputation of the company was hampered; the investors who have already invested in the company and those who were willing to invest in the comp any lost their trust in the company. (Keane, 2008) The management of ABC Learning limited never focused on streamlining the existing process and believed only in acquisition of new childcare education services centre irrespective of the cost price although they were aware that the price which they were playing for acquiring the child care services centre is too high and can be reduced with a certain amount of negotiations with the other party.(Kruger, 2009) Application of ASA 701 on ABS Learning It has been stated that if ASA 701 would have been introduced in the earlier years i.e. in the year 2005, there might be a possibility that ABC learning Limited would not have collapsed and investors would have not lost so much of amount by investing in the company. The help of the new auditing standard the auditor's would have disclosed the key audit matters that could have hampered the financial performance and position of the company. There were numerous instances that would have arose the attention of the auditors and they would have treated the same as key audit matters which would have attracted me investors and shareholder of the company towards itself. It has been stated that the management of the company was not at all concerned about the business operations in the later stage of 2001 -2 005 and the financial of the company was maintained in a terrible state. That would have been treated as key audit matter for the auditors. The auditors in this case is not even required to use their basic judgment to determine the key audit matters as the same was clearly evident from its promise very nature. There was sufficient proof which states that the management was more interested in acquiring different child Care Centers across the globe rather than concentrating end streamlining the business could have been a big business issue and key audit matter.(News, 2012) It has been proved that the manager of the company was indulged in related party transactions in order to provide indirect benefits to the top management of the company. The management have stated that all these transactions have been taken place at arm's length price and were not been taken place to provide any indirect benefit to the top management of the company. The auditors in this case would have documented sufficient proofs and should have used this as a key audit matter in the audit report and should have documented the same and their working files for future reference. Further, it has been proved that the staffing and recruitment cost of the company has been increasing at a faster place due to fast acquisition of large number of childcare education services centre. This has been alarming for the company being the major cost was being utilized in bearing the staffing cost of the employees. The auditors in this case keeping in mind the provision of ASA 701 should have used their basic judgment and consider this event as a key audit matter and highlight this in the audit report for the shareholders and stakeholders of the company. The major business operations of the company were coming from Australia. In the later years, it was stated that more than 200 child care service centres are suffering from operation losses. This was again alarming for the auditors of the company as it was going to impact the Going Concern capacity of the company. They should have been treated as a key audit matter for the auditors of the company. In the current business scenario with the growing global economic crisis and other situations, the need of new auditing standards like ASA 701 has increased. Management of the companies nowadays tends to manipulate the numbers for their own good. They are likely to present fake financial statements which may provide information related to death financial performance and position which are charming for the investors and attract them to make a decision related to investment in the company. Because of all these transactions and fake financial statements, the investors who have made investment in these companies have lost numerous amounts. In earlier years, the auditor of the companies lack sufficient powers that were required to highlight key audit issues to the users of the financial statement. The ASA 701 provides these powers to the auditor along with proper guidelines which they can refer to at times of determining the key audit issues. Auditing standard has been launched by the gov ernment with an intention to provide sufficient information to the users about the company and to make them aware about the audit matters which may impact their decision making in relation to investment in the company Conclusion ASA 701 Communicating Key Audit Matters in the Independent Auditors Report was set up in line with the international auditing standard ISA 701 Communicating Key Audit Matters in the Independent Auditors Report. The new auditing standards are a step that has been taken by the Australian government for the betterment and for the protection of the investors who based on a mere financial statement decides to make investment in the company. This will lead to the protection shield for these people and even for the auditors who can use the provisions and guidelines provided in the new auditing standard to provide better and more accurate information to the investors and other uses of the financial statements. The Global economic crisis that has been spreading all across the globe nowadays is majorly because of fake and manipulating information that has been put in the financial statement by the companies to attract the investors for investing there hard earned money in the company. Through the help of these new auditing standards, the reporting authority can keep a track on the financial health of the companies. The new auditing standards ASA 701, tends to provide the judgment feature to the auditors which has open new gates for the auditors and has provided additional powers to go beyond the line and provide concrete and relying information for the stakeholders and shareholders of the company based on which we can take investment related and another decisions for the company. References AUASB, 2015. Auditing Standard ASA 701. [Online] Available at: https://www.auasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/ASA_701_2015.pdf [Accessed 9 Set 2017]. Baaqeel, R., 2011. Case Study Of ABC Learning Centers Collapse. [Online] Available at: https://rayanbaaqeel.blogspot.in/2011/06/case-study-of-abc-learning-centers.html [Accessed 9 Sept 2017]. Hultin, R., 2015. The Collapse of ABC Learning Centres. [Online] Available at: https://prezi.com/xiirpxey5eu1/the-collapse-of-abc-learning-centres/ [Accessed 9 Sept 2017]. Keane, B., 2008. ABC learning collapse is a policy failure. [Online] Available at: https://www.crikey.com.au/2008/11/07/abc-learning-collapse-is-a-policy-failure/ [Accessed 9 Sept 2017]. Kruger, C., 2009. Lessons to be learnt from ABC Learning's collapse. [Online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/lessons-to-be-learnt-from-abc-learnings-collapse-20090101-78f8.html [Accessed 9 Sept 2017]. Kruger, C., 2011. Numbers finally start to add up as operators go back to basics. [Online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/numbers-finally-start-to-add-up-as-operators-go-back-to-basics-20110121-19zy6.html [Accessed 9 Sept 2017]. Kruger, C., 2012. Five-year suspension for former ABC Learning auditor. [Online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/fiveyear-suspension-for-former-abc-learning-auditor-20120808-23uj8.html [Accessed 9 Sept 2017]. Legislation, F.R.o., 2015. ASA 701. [Online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2015L02016/Explanatory%20Statement/Text [Accessed 9 Sept 2017]. News, A., 2012. Auditor suspended over ABC Learning report. [Online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-08-08/auditor-suspended-over-abc-learning-report/4185408 [Accessed 9 Sept 2017].